Resumo Este trabalho busca testar se o BNDES desempenha um papel compensando potenciais imperfeições no mercado de crédito no que diz respeito a investimentos em P&D. Para isso, propomos uma análise de regressão com interação inspirada em Maskus et al. (2012). Utilizamos dados de 22 setores das indústrias extrativa e de transformação no Brasil, tendo como fontes principais a PINTEC, o BNDES e a PIA, compreendendo 6 triênios a partir de 1998 até 2014. Nossos resultados oferecem algum suporte para a hipótese de um papel positivo do BNDES: o crédito do BNDES está mais positivamente correlacionado com a intensidade de P&D em setores da indústria e períodos em que é maior a dependência de capital (financeiro) externo.

Abstract This paper tests if the BNDES (Brazilian National Development Bank) plays a role compensating potential credit market imperfections, with regard to R&D investments. To do that, we use a regression with interaction terms inspired in Maskus et al. (2012). We analyze data on 22 Brazilian industrial sectors, having the PINTEC, the BNDES and PIA as the main data sources, and covering 6 triennia from 1998 to 2014. Our results give some support to the hypothesis that BNDES played a positive role: BNDES loans are more positively correlated with R&D intensity in industrial sectors and periods in which dependence on external finance is bigger.

Abstract Purpose This paper aims to analyze the underlying factors of contract renewals in business-to-business (B2B) contracts. Design/methodology/approach The authors build a unique data set with 296 contracts signed between a major firm supplying petrochemical goods and its 128 customers between 2013 and 2016. They use Insider Econometrics as their methodological approach. Findings The econometric results suggest that contracts involving higher volume of trade, higher levels of dedicated assets representing seller’s specific investments in each transaction, and contracts comprising more than one product present an increased likelihood of being renewed. Research limitations/implications Although limited to a single organization, this paper contributes to management theories focused on buyer–supplier relationships in which coordination between interdependent parties is required. Practical implications Practitioners engaged in B2B relationships may benefit from the findings to shape their bargaining strategies in contexts of high levels of asset specificity and bilateral dependence. Originality/value This paper contribute to theories related to the strategic negotiation between buyers and suppliers by emphasizing the importance of asset specificity in a nuanced and multifaceted fashion, by highlighting aspects related to resource dependency, and idiosyncratic characteristics on contract renewal.

Abstract Private Equity (PE) funds are active investors. Besides providing capital, they improve the governance, operational performance and innovation of the investee companies. However, potential misalignment between the fund manager and the company owner regarding exit timing is a limitation of the model. PE funds have a finite-life, and thus they have to liquidate investments after holding them for a certain period. They tend to time the market to exploit favorable market conditions and obtain higher selling prices, and consequently, PE funds may divest before accomplishing the value creation plan. In this article, we use the hazard model to investigate the magnitude of the impact of market conditions on the exit rate of PE deals in Brazil, a volatile emerging economy, and if it increases the chances of exiting investments with holding periods shorter than two years. We analyze a sample of 470 PE deals invested between 1994 and 2014, and we investigate four variables related to market conditions: the stock market price-earnings ratio, the number of IPOs, the Brazilian real (the Brazilian currency) appreciation against the US dollar and the Brazilian interest rate. Our results show that favorable market conditions more than double the exit rate and increase the probability of quick flips.